research

On when and how adversarial nodes can be punished if they stall transaction confirmation in blockchains

Podcast: how blockchains are trying to maximize throughput and minimize latency

Resolving how many evil validators a blockchain can tolerate while still maintaining liveness and security

Timelines to a cryptographically relevant quantum computer are frequently overstated — leading to calls for urgent, wholesale transitions to post-quantum cryptography. But the real challenge in navigating a successful migration to post-quantum cryptography is matching urgency to actual threats.

It now proves over 500,000 RISC-V cycles/sec on a MacBook, with proof sizes under 50 KB

From SNARKs and Apple apps to AI agents and digital Euros

Timelines to a cryptographically relevant quantum computer are frequently overstated — leading to calls for urgent, wholesale transitions to post-quantum cryptography. But the real challenge in navigating a successful migration to post-quantum cryptography is matching urgency to actual threats.

Identifying a specific rewriting of the ECDSA signing equation and a method to compute and verify it

Introducing the notion of an exponent-VRF, or eVRF, a VRF that provides a generator of some finite cyclic group

Why did the Industrial Revolution take place where it did, and then spread beyond? It had to do with a competitive, open market of ideas, Mokyr argues -- a transnational “Republic of Letters” -- not unlike the crypto ethos of open source, decentralization, and more. 

Prediction markets are a hot topic again. But beyond the buzz, what is a prediction market, exactly? How do they work, how are they designed, and what makes them work?

Two economists talk congestion pricing, recently implemented in New York City—plus the overlap with blockchains